Filtration in a Porous Granular Medium: 1. Simulation of Pore-Scale Particle Deposition and Clogging |
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Authors: | Yun Sung Kim Andrew J Whittle |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA |
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Abstract: | This paper presents a numerical model for simulating the pore-scale transport and infiltration of dilute suspensions of particles
in a granular porous medium under the action of hydrodynamic and gravitational forces. The formulation solves the Stokes’
flow equations for an incompressible fluid using a fixed grid, multigrid finite difference method and an embedded boundary
technique for modeling particle–fluid coupling. The analyses simulate a constant flux of the fluid suspension through a cylindrical
model pore. Randomly generated particles are collected within the model pore, initially through contact and attachment at
the grain surface (pore wall) and later through mounding close to the pore inlet. Simple correlations have been derived from
extensive numerical simulations in order to estimate the volume of filtered particles that accumulate in the pore and the
differential pressure needed to maintain a constant flux through the pore. The results show that particle collection efficiency
is correlated with the Stokes’ settling velocity and indirectly through the attachment probability with the particle–grain
surface roughness. The differential pressure is correlated directly with the maximum mound height and indirectly with particle
size and settling velocity that affect mound packing density. Simple modification factors are introduced to account for pore
length and dip angle. These parameters are used to characterize pore-scale infiltration processes within larger scale network
models of particle transport in granular porous media in a companion paper.
Articlenote: Currently at GZA GeoEnvironmental Inc., 1 Edgewater Drive, Norwood, MA 02062, U.S.A. |
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Keywords: | filtration granular medium dilute suspension non-Brownian particle– fluid interaction numerical simulation |
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