基于模糊PID算法的汽车半主动悬架振动控制

选择了某微型汽车悬架的磁流变减震器为研究对象,运用汽车动力学理论建立了1/4汽车半主动悬架控制系统动力学模型,基于模糊PID控制算法设计了模糊PID控制器.车辆在不同路面输入谱和不同行驶速度下,以悬架的簧载质量加速度、悬架动挠度和轮胎动载荷3个基本参数来表征磁流变半主动悬架系统的振动特性,运用Matlab/Simulink软件对该悬架系统进行仿真研究,仿真结果表明,当汽车在不同等级的路面上行驶时,随着车速的提高,采用模糊PID控制半主动悬架汽车的簧载质量加速度和悬架动挠度的幅值相对于被动悬架均明显减小,表现出了良好的控制效果.轮胎动载荷与被动悬架的幅度大体相当,偶尔还比被动悬架幅值高,但综合来看,模糊PID控制器能更好地减小汽车振动,进一步提高汽车的乘坐舒适性.结果同时也说明了模糊PID控制具有很好的鲁棒性.采用磁流变减振器的半主动悬架系统有效地改善了汽车乘坐舒适性和操纵稳定性.

Vibration Control Based on Vehicle's Semi-active Suspension by Fuzzy-PID Algorithm

Magnet-rheological （MR） damper was chosen as the research object, first, according to vehicle dynamics theory to set up 1/4 ear semi-active suspension control system dynamics model. Then, fuzzy-PID controller was designed. In the conditions based on fuzzy- PID control algorithm of various road for the road input and different driving speeds, we used 3 parameters that are sprung mass acceleration, suspension deflection and tire load to attribute vibration characteristics of MR semi-active suspension. Then Matlab/Simulink was used for the simulation study of the suspension. The results showed the fuzzy-PID controller has indicated better effect that compare with passive suspen- sion. The sprung mass acceleration and suspension deflection of semi-active suspension was fall down obviously. The tire load was equivalent with passive suspension that sometimes the value was higher. However, the integrated view, the fuzzy-PID controller can better reduce the ear vibration, improve the vehicle ride comfort. The results also show fuzzy-PID control has good robustness. Semi-suspension of with MR damper suspension system＇ s effectively improved the car＇ s ride comfort and handling stability.