登高消防车臂架的有限元分析与优化研究

针对传统力学方法校核登高消防车臂架的强度和刚度计算繁琐且精度低、臂架设计过厚、登高消防车上装系统笨重、在使用过程中容易出现倾翻等问题,对臂架的静动态特性和臂架的截面参数化优化进行了研究,提出了将有限元法应用到臂架的静力学分析和模态分析中,快速精确地计算臂架在两种极限恶劣工况下的强度和臂架的前4阶固有频率及其对应的振型;将参数化有限元法与多约束非线性二次规划法有机结合应用到臂架的截面参数化优化中,让优化迭代算法融入有限元分析的全过程,快速搜索全局的最优解。研究结果表明,臂架截面参数化优化后最大等效应力减少了7.3 MPa,臂架体积减少了16.5%,实现了臂架的轻量化。

Finite element analysis and optimization of the boom of aerial fire truck

Aiming at the complicated calculation and low precision of traditional mechanical methods for checking up the strength and stiff-ness, the too thick design of the boom system, the heavy fire truck mounted system, easy tilting and other issues in the process of using of the aerial fire truck, the static and dynamic characteristics of the boom and the parametric optimization of the boom were studied and the finite el-ement method was applied to the static analysis and modal analysis of the boom, so it can fleetly and accurately calculate the strength and the first 4 natural frequencies of the boom and the corresponding vibration modes of the boom under the two limiting conditions. The parametric finite element method was combined with the multi constrained nonlinear quadratic programming method to optimize the parameters of the boom. The optimization iteration algorithm was integrated into the whole process of finite element analysis, fast search for global optimal solu-tion. The results show that the maximum equivalent stress reduces by 7. 3 MPa, and arm frame volume decreases by 16. 5% after the optimi-zation of the boom section, which achieve the goal of the lightweight of the arm frame.