焊缝成形线结构光视觉检测方法研究

针对焊缝尺寸测量和表面成形质量评估问题,研究一种基于线结构光的焊缝视觉成形检测系统。在详细论述结构光视觉传感器的组成结构以及标定过程的基础上,优化图像预处理流程,提出了基于边界限定的灰度重心法来提取激光条纹中心线。以单像素的激光条纹为信息源表征焊缝轮廓,融合多特征点提取算法实现激光条纹轮廓特征点的检测并基于特征点建立角焊缝的尺寸计算模型,最终实现焊缝尺寸测量。结果表明:该焊缝成形视觉检测系统能满足焊缝检测性能的要求。

Research on method of line structure light active vision weld seam detection

In order to realize weld dimension measurement and surface forming quality assessment,a weld forming quality inspection system based on line structure light was studied.Based on the principle of laser triangulation,the composition and calibration process of structured light vision sensor was discussed in detail,and the image processing is optimized,and the gray gravity center method based on boundary limit was proposed to extract the laser fringe center line.Using a single pixel laser fringe as the information source to characterize the weld contour,a multi-feature point extraction algorithm was used to detect the feature points of the laser fringe contour.The dimension calculation models of butt weld and fillet weld were established based on the identification of characteristic points of weld laser profile curve.Finally,the measurement of weld dimension were realized.The results show that the inspection system of weld forming can obtain satisfactory performance of weld inspection.