高档数控机床基础件低应力制造特性的研究

围绕高档数控机床基础件的低应力制造问题,研究了残余应力的分布规律,提出从优化制造过程工艺参数出发的降低残余应力方法。明确了铸造、机加工是两个对残余应力的产生起主导作用的工艺环节,采用有限元法对某加工中心床身进行了残余应力分析,得出了该床身在铸造与机加工环节的残余应力大小及分布情况。据此优化铸造残余应力振动时效处理的工艺参数,并分析了铣削加工参数对残余应力的影响。分析结果对数控机床大型基础件的低应力制造提供理论依据,有效保证基础件精度和稳定性。

Study on the Low Stress Manufacturing Characteristics of Machining Tool Basic Parts

Based on low stress machining of machining center basic parts,this paper studies the influence factors of residual stress distribution,and proposes a method to reduce the residual stress in the manufacturing process.For casting and machining play a leading role in process the residual stress,we use the finite element method to analysis the residual stress of a machining center bed and give the distribution of residual stress in casting and machining processes.Furthermore,the vibration aging parameters are optimized and the effect of milling parameters on residual stress is analyzed.The conclusions provide a theoretical basis for low stress machining,and effectively guarantee the accuracy stability of large basic parts.