基于协同优化自卸车卸料装置有限元优化分析

自卸车卸料装置的布置不但涉及整车前后桥负荷分配,还影响液压油缸结构参数选择及车架强度设计,现有设计忽略三者之间设计变量耦合关系,也没有考虑卸料装置对整车前后桥负荷分配的影响,优化结果具有片面性,将协同优化应用到自卸车卸料装置设计中,实现协同优化设计。根据车架和举升机构的结构参数,设计单独优化数学模型;将改进协同优化方法应用到自卸车卸料装置协同优化设计中,搭建自卸车卸料装置协同优化数学模型;在iSIGHT多学科设计优化软件中实现CAD/FEA分析工具集成和优化求解。在构造协同优化的系统级优化器时,针对卸料装置优化数学模型的特点,将卸料机构优化模块集成到系统级优化器中,减少整个协同优化模型中并行子系统的数目,降低系统级优化问题的非线性程度,提高协同优化的鲁棒性和可靠性。另外,还比较了各子系统单独优化结果和协同优化结果,通过比较结果可以看出,协同优化设计更符合实际工程情况。

Finite Element Optimal Analysis of Discharging Assembly of Dump Truck Based on Collaborative Optimization

The placement of dump truck unloading device not only involves the vehicle front and rear axle load distribution,but also affects the hydraulic cylinder structural parameters and frame strength design.The existing design ignores the coupling relationship between the three design variables and does not consider the effect of the unloading device on the load distribution of the vehicle front and rear axles.So the optimization results are one-sided.In this paper,collaborative optimization is applied to the design of dump truck unloading device to achieve collaborative optimization design.According to the structural parameters of the frame and the lifting mechanism,a separate optimization mathematical model is designed.The collaborative optimization is applied to the design of the dump truck unloading device to realize the cooperative optimization design,the collaborative optimization mathematical model of the dump truck unloading device is built in the article.Achieve the integration and optimization of CAD/FEA analysis tools in iSIGHT multidisciplinary design optimization software.When constructing a system-level optimizer with cooperative optimization,according to the characteristics of the optimization model of the discharge device,the unloading mechanism optimization module is integrated into the system-level optimizer to reduce the number of parallel subsystems in the collaborative optimization model,and the robustness and reliability of the cooperative optimization are improved.In addition,the results of the optimization of each subsystem and the results of collaborative optimization are also compared.It can be seen from the comparison results that the cooperative optimization design is more in line with the actual engineering situation.