八矩阵超小型绝对式光电编码器

为了实现高精度、高可靠性、绝对式光电编码器的小型化,研究了编码器的编码方式和读数头的结构。介绍了编码器码盘所采用的八象限矩阵编码(即八矩阵码)原理,对比传统四象限矩阵码,八矩阵编码的优点在于它仅需两圈就可以实现10位自然二进制编码:码盘第一圈四路信号实现格雷编码的高三位,第二圈八路信号实现格雷编码的低七位;再经格雷编码与自然二进制的译码关系,得到10位自然二进制码。运用错位移相的方法设计了狭缝的精码窗口,获得了圆光栅莫尔条纹;同时,采用单头读数,减少了发光元器件(光源)的数量。最后,介绍了信号提取方法。实验结果表明,设计的八矩阵编码器实现了超小体积为Φ25mm×16mm,重量28g,分辨率经过电子细分达到了16位,精度(1σ)优于30″。极高的可靠性可保证该编码器在极其苛刻条件下长期正常工作,适于在航空航天和军事领域应用。

Ultra miniature absolute optical encoder based on eight-matrix coding

With the aim to realize the miniaturization of absolute optical encoders with the characteristics of greater accuracy and more reliability,the new coding mode and structure of a reading head are investigated. Firstly,this paper describes the principle of eight-matrix coding used in absolute optical encoders. Different from traditional four-matrix coding,the eight-matrix coding only needs two grating tracks to realize a 10-bit binary.The first grating track realizes the 3-bit coding of Gray code;and the seco...