基于三维激光扫描的移动大尺寸圆柱体工件长度快速检测系统

针对移动大尺寸圆柱体工件两端的表面形貌特征，利用三维激光扫描仪设计了一种快速长度在线检测系统。基于三维激光扫描仪可在短时间内连续高速获取大量测量数据的特点，系统在虚拟环境下构造出自适应测量形状的虚拟测量基准面，采用二维误差分离方法抑制系统误差和运动误差，识别定位工件两端端点并计算其到虚拟测量基准面的位移；最后结合多传感器融合模型获取三维位移场测量结果。另外，测试前用三坐标测量机精密测量过的相似形状圆柱体工件对系统进行了校准修正。为验证系统的精度和可靠性，分别对处于（1 000±25）mm内不同直径的圆柱体工件进行了长度检测。结果显示，系统可在1 s完成直径约为50 mm工件的长度测量，检测分辨力为0.010 mm，检测精度达到0.050 mm。实际运行结果表明，该设计系统具有高自动性和高效性，可满足在线生产中对大尺寸工件控制和检测的要求。

Rapid length measuring system for mobile and large scale cylinder workpieces based on 3D laser scanning

A novel rapid on-machine length measuring system based on 3D laser scanning was developed for mobile and large scale cylinder workpieces. By using the outstanding characters of laser scanners on fast continuously acquiring the mass of measurement points in a very short time, the multi-sensor fusion technique and a 2D error separation method were respectively introduced in this system in a virtual environment. Virtual measurement datum planes were established based on virtual registration sites, which followed the variant surface of measurement target. Then, the 3D displacement field measurements between end points and virtual measurement datum planes were built. A similar cylinder workpiece measured by Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM ) was applied to calibration of the system. Finally, the experiments on the cylinder workpieces (1 000±25) mm with different diameters were carried out to determine the accuracy and reliability of measuring system. The experimental results indicate that a workpiece with a diameter about 50 mm is perfectly measured in only 1 s with the resolution less than 0.010 mm and the measuring precision over 0.050 mm. According to the actual operation results, this proposed measuring system is characterized by high automation and high efficiency, and can be well acceptable for application as online length detection for large scale workpieces in industrial production.