飞机结构件运动数据的动态视觉测量系统

基于近景摄影测量理论和立体视觉技术,提出并实现了一种针对机身结构件在飞行状态下的轨迹、姿态、位移、变形等多种运动数据的动态视觉测量方法.研究了基于工业近景摄影测量的多相机快速自标定方法；飞行状态下相机动态定位及抖动消除技术；刚性结构件的运动轨迹及姿态的快速求取和通过多相机(≥3)协作实现非编码标志点阵列的精确匹配等多项关键技术.在模拟飞行环境下的实验结果表明,相机标定的重投影误差小于0.03 pixel,系统的运动轨迹姿态测量精度可达0.01 mm/1 m,关键点位移变形测量精度可达0.05 mm/1 m,基本满足飞机测试行业的精度和可靠性测量标准.

Optical and dynamic measuring system for movement data of aircraft structural parts

In order to obtain the movement data of an aircraft,including trajectory,attitude,displacement,deformation and other kinds of movement data of the aircraft structural parts in the flight accurately,an optical and dynamic measurement method is proposed and implemented based on the theory of close-range photogrammetry and stereo vision technology.The main contents of the method are multi-camera self-calibration technique based on close-range photogrammetry,camera dynamic positioning and jitter eliminating in flight technology,rapid acquisition for the trajectory and attitude of rigid structure,precise matching of non-coding landmark array by multi-camera(≥3) collaboration.The simulation results show that the reprojection error of the camera is less than 0.03 pixel,the trajectory and attitude measurement accuracy of the system can be up to 0.01 mm/1 m,and the measurement accuracy of key point displacement and deformation is 0.05 mm/1 m.It demonstrates that the system have met the standards of accuracy and reliability for aircraft testing industry.