Multiple-tapped-delay-line hardware-linearisation technique based on wire load regulation |
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Affiliation: | 1. Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Grudzi?dzka 5, 87-100 Toruń, Poland;2. Apator S.A., Gdańska 4A, lok. C4, 87-100 Toruń, Poland;1. State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, PR China;2. Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA;1. Accelerator Laboratory, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan;2. Department of Accelerator Science, Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan;3. Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan;1. Wuxi Branch of Southeast University, Wuxi 214135, China;2. National ASIC System Engineering Research Center, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China |
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Abstract: | This article describes designing, implementation and tuning processes of multiple-tapped-delay-line (MTDL). Obtained MTDL can be implemented in various field-programmable-logic-devices (FPGA) devices and applied for time-to-digital-converters (TDC) construction. The task of tuning process is the tapped-delay-line (TDL) linearisation, and consists of two stages. The first stage depends on selecting an appropriate configurable-logic-block (CLB) for particular delay-segment realization and selecting proper connection between these blocks. The second tuning stage, that is essential from this article viewpoint, depends on inter CLBs connecting wires delay regulation realized directly by load regulation. The Load regulation depends on connecting an appropriate number of unused three-state-buffers or CLB inputs to the wire which delay is adjusted. Depending on the number of inputs connected to the wire its capacitance changes that influences its time-constant and finally changes its time-delay.The MTDL mathematical model, obtained characteristics and results of time-interval (TI) measurements are also presented. The derived TDL model provides information about how the particular wire delay should be changed and in which order the changes should be executed. This makes the designing process predictable and easy to carry out. Presented characteristics confirm the proper operation of presented linearisation technique. The proper operation of the whole measuring module is confirmed by obtained TIs histograms presentation. |
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Keywords: | FPGA LUT CLB Nonlinearity TDL VHDL Time-stamp Time-interval QNM MTDL TIMM TTDL FTTL |
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