基于遗传算法的小型化液压油源用错列翅片式换热器优化研究

紧凑、轻量化、高效节能型换热器对高端移动装备中液压油源的小型化至关重要。基于不同普朗特数流体的换热和流动阻力经验关联式设计并优化了一种矩形错列翅片式换热器。推导出相关质量、出口温度和压力损失的函数模型，通过灵敏度分析研究关键参数对目标函数的影响，从而评估各变量对换热器综合性能的贡献度。在此基础上，利用遗传算法对换热器的关键参数进行优化。同时，通过数值模拟研究优化前后换热器的流动特性和换热性能。结果表明，理论计算与数值仿真结果吻合良好。优化后换热器质量减小25.79%，换热器降温幅度提高25.24%。研究成果对液压油源的小型化和轻量化具有积极的促进作用。

Optimization of Staggered Fins Heat Exchangers for Miniaturized Hydraulic Power Units Using Genetic Algorithm

The compact, lightweight, and energy-efficient heat exchanger is significant for the miniaturization of hydraulic power unit in high-performance mobile equipment. A rectangular staggered fins heat exchanger(RSFHE) is presented and optimized based on the empirical correlations of heat transfer and flow resistance for the fluids with different Prandtl numbers. Function models including the related mass, outlet temperature and pressure drop are deduced. A sensitivity analysis is presented to investigate the effect of key parameters on function models, which can evaluate the contributions of variables to the comprehensive performance of the heat exchanger. Based on these function models, the cooler key parameters are optimized using genetic algorithm(GA). Moreover, numerical simulations are conducted to explore the thermal-hydraulic performance of the original and optimized heat exchangers. The results show that the inlet-outlet temperature difference and the pressure drop of the hydraulic oil between the theoretical and numerical results achieve a goodagreement. At the same time, the total weight reduces by 25.79% and the inlet-outlet temperature difference of the hydraulic oil increases by 25.24% for the optimized heat exchanger, which is a great improvement for the miniaturization and lightweight of the hydraulic power unit.