湿滑状态下轮胎路面摩擦特性的数值分析方法

为研究湿滑状态下轮胎路面的摩擦特性,以胎面橡胶和沥青路面作为研究对象,利用谐波叠加法建立三维粗糙路面模型,采用“伪”流体动力轴承作用等效反映路面水膜“密封”作用,综合使用有限元软件ABAQUS和计算流体动力学软件Fluent得到湿滑状态下橡胶与路面滑动接触时的橡胶接触压力、滞后摩擦力及路面水膜承载力,由此形成了综合兼顾橡胶材料、接触压力、滑动速度、路面形貌和路面水膜等多因素的轮胎与湿路面摩擦特性的仿真方法。通过橡胶与干-湿路面摩擦特性的变化与公开的试验对比,证明本方法的合理性和可行性,并进一步分析滑动速度、接触压力和路面特征对湿滑状态下轮胎路面摩擦特性的影响规律。研究结果为轮胎和路面的抗湿滑性设计及优化提供理论依据。

Numerical Analysis Method for Friction Characteristics of Tire-pavement under Wet Slip Condition

In order to study the friction characteristics of tire pavement under wet conditions, tread rubber and asphalt pavement are chosen the research objects. Three-dimensional rough pavement is established by virtue of the harmonic superposition method, and the “sealing” effect of water film is equivalent to “pseudo” hydrodynamic lubrication effect. For the contact pressure, hysteresis friction and water film bearing capacity under wet slip condition are obtained by ABAQUS and Fluent software, and the numerical analysis method for friction characteristics of tire-pavement friction coefficient under wet slip condition is established, which takes into account the rubber material, contact pressure, sliding speed, road profile and water film. From comparing the numerical results with published experimental results, the results show that this analysis method is practical and reasonable. Based on that, the effects of sliding speeds, contact pressures and road profiles on friction characteristics were investigated. The research provides theoretical basis of design and optimization for the wet-skid resistance of tires and roads.