船体结构冰载荷反演方法及试验验证

冰载荷是影响船舶冰区航行期间结构安全的重要环境载荷。船舶的冰压监测通常采用应变传感器，合理地布放传感器是识别冰载荷的基础。通过对比船体外板结构试验中的冲击载荷和不同测试方案下的应变信号，确定了最佳应变传感器布放方案；采用Green核函数方法建立了船体外板结构应变冲击载荷间的响应关系，并对采集信号在噪声影响下反演的不适定性进行了分析；采用Tikhonov正则化方法克服了载荷反演过程中出现的数值不稳定问题；最后将试验中的响应用到载荷识别分析中，反演的载荷可以较为准确地反映冲击载荷的时域特征并且载荷识别精度良好。

Ice Load Identification Method of Ship Structures and Experimental Verification

Ice loads were important environmental loads which might influence the structural safety of the ships during the navigation in the ice-covered waters. The ice pressures on the ship were generally monitored by the strain sensors and the reasonable layout of the strain sensors was the foundation of reconstruction of ice loads. Through the comparison between the impact loads and measured strains of the different measurement schemes in the tests of shell structures of the ship, the optimal measurement schemes were determined. The dynamic responses between the strains and impact loads of shell structures of the ship were established by means of Green kernel function and the analysis of the ill posed problems during the load identification due to noise was performed. The Tikhonov regularization method was adopted to overcome the numerical instability during the processes of load identification. At last, the measured responses were applied in the load identification. The identified loads may reveal signal features of the impact loads in time domain and the accuracy of identified loads is good.