高速空调客车车内粉尘分布特性的数值模拟

应用计算流体力学的数值方法和离散相模型模拟(DPM)的方法,仿真分析了高速空调列车在运行时滤网对头车内粉尘分布的影响,得出了客室内粉尘分布情况及加装不同参数的滤网后车内粉尘分布的变化情况。计算结果表明:车内粉尘的分布受紊流强度的影响,粉尘在空调送风口及废排风口等紊流强度较大的区域分布较均匀,而在座位下方和车厢边角处等紊流强度小的区域产生堆积;粉尘平均浓度随时间不断增大,900s后逐渐趋于平缓,加装滤网后使浓度显著下降;采取筛分粒径在粉尘分布质量中位径附近的滤网过滤能取得相对较好的过滤效果;其结果可为列车滤网的选取提供参考。

Numerical Simulation on Dust Concentration Distribution in High-speed Air-conditioned Passenger Car

The influences of strainer on dust distribution in the high-speed air-conditioned passenger train was numerically simulated with computational fluid dynamics and Discrete Phase Model （DPM）. The dust distribution in the passenger compartment and the changes with different strainers were obtained. The calculation results show that dust distribution is influenced by turbulence intensity, the dust distribution is uniform at zone with high-turbulence （such as air supply output and exhaust outlet）and cumulated at zone with low-turbulence（such as underneath seat and corners） ; the average dust concentration is growing as time goes by and changes slowly 900 s later; it will be falling off significantly by installing strainer; the strainer which sieve size around the quality median diameter of the dust distribution has better filtering effect. These results will provide reference for the selection of the strainer.