基于食品安全指数法和危害物风险系数法评估海南芹菜的农药残留风险

目的 调查海南省市售芹菜的农药残留情况, 评估其农药残留风险。方法 从市场上采集115份芹菜样品, 采用超高效液相色谱-四极杆串联飞行时间质谱法和气相色谱-三重四极杆串联质谱法对359种农药残留进行筛查, 并采用食品安全指数法和危害物风险系数法对检出的农药残留进行风险评估。结果 在所有筛查的样品中有83份检出农药残留, 检出率为72.2%, 超标率为3.5%。检出农药39种, 其中以杀菌剂和杀虫剂为主, 检出率最高的杀虫剂为灭蝇胺, 杀菌剂为苯醚甲环唑。所有检出的农药残留的安全指数值均小于1, 安全影响较小; 除毒死蜱、甲拌磷、敌敌畏这3种农药呈高中风险外, 其他农药残留风险系数均小于1.5, 为低度风险。结论 海南地区市售芹菜中普遍存在农药残留污染, 但总体风险较低, 不会对一般人群健康造成不可接受的风险, 本研究可为海南地区芹菜的食品安全监管提供科学依据。

Risk assessment of pesticide residues in celery in Hainan based on food safety index and hazard risk coefficient method

Objective To investigate the pesticide residues of celery in commercial market in Hainan Province, and evaluate the risk of pesticide residues. Methods A total of 115 celery samples were collected from the market, and screened for the 359 kinds of pesticide residues by ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry. The risk of detected pesticide residues in celery was evaluated by food safety index method and hazard risk coefficient method. Results Pesticide residues were detected in 83 samples with a detection rate of 72.2% and an exceed standard rate of 3.5%. Thirty-nine kinds of pesticides were detected, of which fungicides and insecticides were the main ones. The insecticide with the highest detection rate was cyromazine, and the fungicide was difenoconazole. The safety index values of all pesticide residues detected were all less than 1, indicating little safety impact. Except for chlorpyrifos, phorate and dichlorvos, which were at high risk, the risk coefficients of other pesticides were all below 1.5, indicating low risk. Conclusion Pesticide residue pollution is widespread in commercially available celery in Hainan, but the overall risk is low, and does not pose an unacceptable risk to the health of the general population, which provides a scientific basis for the food safety supervision of celery in Hainan Province.