褪黑素在果蔬采后品质劣变中的调控作用

褪黑素是广泛存在于生物体内的一种吲哚类色胺, 具有调控果蔬衰老、清除活性氧自由基、防止抗氧化酶钝化等作用。最新研究发现褪黑素可以显著延缓果蔬采后由呼吸作用、乙烯释放、蒸腾作用、自由基代谢等代谢活动导致的品质劣变。本文从果蔬采后品质劣变角度综述了褪黑素对果蔬采后生理的调节作用, 从导致品质劣变的关键生理活动包括呼吸作用、乙烯合成、蒸腾作用、酶促褐变、膜脂氧化、抗性激活等方面阐述了外源褪黑素的调控机制, 系统阐述了外源褪黑素对果蔬品质的影响, 包括感官品质、糖酸代谢、风味变化等, 以期为褪黑素在保持果蔬采后品质及相关贮藏保鲜新技术的应用奠定一定的理论基础和技术支持。

Regulation effects of melatonin on postharvest quality deterioration of fruits and vegetables

Melatonin is a kind of indole-like tryptamine widely existing in organisms, which can regulate the aging of fruits and vegetables, remove reactive oxygen species and prevent the inactivation of antioxidant enzymes. Recent research has found that melatonin can significantly delay the quality deterioration of fruits and vegetables after harvest caused by metabolic activities such as postharvest respiration, ethylene release, transpiration, and radical metabolism of fruits and vegetables. This article reviewed the regulation of melatonin on postharvest physiology of fruits and vegetables, including respiration, ethylene biosynthesis, transpiration, enzymatic browning, membrane peroxide and resistance system, and systematically summarized the influence of melatonin on the quality of fruits and vegetables, including sensory quality, sugar & acid metabolism and flavor quality. This paper provides a theoretical foundation and technical support for the application of melatonin in maintaining the postharvest quality of fruits and vegetables and related new storage and preservation technologies.