生物标志物在水产品检测中的应用

水产品检测是保障水产品质量安全的重要手段。与传统的有毒有害物质化学检测方法相比,生物标志物检测方法在关于有毒污染物对生物体健康的影响方面可以给出更完全的信息,具有较高的灵敏度和可靠性。生物标志物已广泛应用于医学、环境科学、毒理学等学科研究,成为不同领域的研究热点。本文介绍了利用不同生物标志物进行水产品质量安全检测的原理及方法,综述了乙酰胆碱酯酶(ACh E)、腺苷三磷酸酶(ATPase)、谷胱甘肽硫转移酶(GSTs)、抗氧化酶、细胞色素P450、金属硫蛋白(MT)、热激蛋白HSP70、卵黄蛋白原(VTG)和DNA损伤等多种生物标志物在水产品检测中的应用及范围,分析了其对不同种类污染物的敏感性及特异性,并对生物标志物在检测领域中的应用进行了展望。

The application of biomarkers in aquatic products detection

Aquatic detection is an important method to ensure the safety of aquatic products quality. Biomarker detection methods can give more information about the impact of toxic pollutants on the health of an organism compared with the traditional chemical detection methods, and have a higher sensitivity and reliability. Biomarkers have been widely used in medicine, environmental science, toxicology and other academic research, and have become a hot topic in different fields. This paper introduced the different principles of biomarkers, reviewed acetyl cholinesterase, adenosine triphosphate, glutathione S-transferase enzymes, antioxidant enzyme, cytochrome P450, metallothionein heat shock protein HSP70, vitellogenin, DNA damage and other biomarkers in the aquatic products detection, analyzed the sensitivity and specificity on different kinds of pollutants, and discussed the future application of biomarkers in the detection field.