食品中单增李斯特菌快速检测技术研究进展

单核细胞增生性李斯特氏菌(简称单增李斯特菌)是一种广泛存在于自然界中可导致人畜共患病的病原菌, 同时也是一种常见的食源性致病菌。目前, 食品中单增李斯特菌的检测主要采用国标法, 传统检验方法虽然可操作性高, 但检验流程耗时过长。随着生活水平不断提高, 人们在饮食中摄入受单增李斯特菌污染的食品的风险增大, 如遇到食品安全突发事件, 传统检测不能及时得到检测结果, 无法保障人们的饮食安全。本文概述了基于分子生物学和免疫学发展起来的快速检测方法, 包括PCR法、实时荧光定量PCR法、环介导等温扩增法、酶联免疫吸附法、免疫层析试纸条, 其中环介导等温扩增法已经应用于食品致病菌的检测。通过分析对比以上快速检测方法, 为探索更灵敏高效且适用于基层食品检验的检测方法提供参考。

Research progress of rapid detection of Listeria monocytogenes in food

Listeria monocytogenes is a pathogen that is widely found in nature and can cause zoonotic diseases, and is also a common foodborne pathogenic bacteria. At present, the detection of Listeria monocytogenes in food mainly adopts the national standard method. Although the traditional method is highly operable, the inspection process takes too long. As living standards continue to increase, there is an increased risk of people taking food contaminated with Listeria monocytogenes in their diet. In case of food safety emergencies, the traditional test cannot get the test results in time, which cannot guarantee people''s food safety. This paper introduced some rapid detection methods based on molecular biology and immunology, including PCR, real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, loop-mediated isothermal amplification, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and immunochromatography strip, and loop-mediated isothermal amplification had been applied to the detection of food pathogens. By analyzing and comparing the above rapid detection methods, it provided a reference for exploring more sensitive and efficient detection methods suitable for basic food inspection.