植物基原料游离多酚的提取与分离纯化方法研究进展

多酚是植物基食品原料中的主要次级代谢产物, 具有多种生物活性与药用价值。植物基原料中的游离多酚结构具有多样性, 稳定性也存在差异, 在提取和分离纯化过程中, 由于技术局限或方法不当, 游离多酚易发生降解, 浸提率低、产品纯度低等问题一直是制约其深度开发与广泛应用的瓶颈。结合现代提取分离技术, 针对植物基原料中酚类物质的差异性, 选择个性化的精准提取方案将是一种有效的解决思路。本文总结了近5年游离多酚的提取和分离纯化方法的研究进展, 概述了植物基原料游离多酚的存在形式, 归纳了溶剂萃取等传统方法和超声波、微波、超临界流体等现代技术辅助提取法, 总结了金属离子沉淀、柱层析、吸附树脂、膜分离技术及高速逆流色谱法在分离纯化过程中的应用, 旨在为植物基原料中游离多酚的精准提取及活性物质的个性化开发和高值化应用提供参考。

Research progress of extraction, separation and purification method of free polyphenols in plant-based raw materials

Polyphenols are a major class of secondary metabolites in plant-based food raw materials, with a variety of biological activities and medicinal value. Free polyphenols in plant-based raw materials have the characteristics of structural diversity and stable differences. In the process of extraction, separation and purification, free polyphenols are prone to degradation due to technical limitations or improper selection of methods, low leaching rate and low product purity have always been the bottle necks restricting their in-depth development and wide application. Combined with modern extraction and separation technology, it will be an effective solution to select personalized and accurate extraction scheme for the differences of phenols in plant-based raw materials. This paper summarized the research progress of free polyphenol extraction, separation and purification in the past 5 years, generalized the existence forms of free polyphenols in plant-based raw materials, summed up the traditional extraction methods such as solvent extraction and the modern technology assisted extraction methods such as ultrasonic, microwave and supercritical fluids, and summarized the application of metal ion precipitation, column chromatography, adsorption resin, membrane separation technology and high-speed counter current chromatography in the process of separation and purification, aiming to provide a reference for the accurate extraction of free polyphenols in plant-based raw materials and the personalized development and high-value application of active substances.