阿氏芽孢杆菌(Bacillus aryabhattai)分离鉴定及其对蔬菜中甲萘威农药降解作用的研究

目的 从寒地黑土中筛选甲萘威降解菌,并对筛选得到的菌株进行形态学及16S rDNA分子鉴定,将该菌株用于蔬菜样品中甲萘威农药残留降解规律的研究。方法 从土壤样品中用含甲萘威农药的培养基进行平板稀释法初筛、96孔板法复筛,分别在37℃(1 d)、4℃(6 d)下进行培养,筛选在OD₆₀₀ nm处吸光值高的菌株,即为可利用甲萘威生长的菌株。获得OD₆₀₀ nm为0.906的菌株D7,并对该菌株进行形态学以及分子生物学鉴定。结果 菌株D7经鉴定为阿氏芽孢杆菌(Bacillus aryabhattai)；菌株D7对所选5种叶菜和5种果菜中残留的甲萘威均有一定降解作用,且对生菜中甲萘威的降解率最高为58.7%。结论 筛选出阿氏芽孢杆菌D7,在低温条件生长良好。为微生物法降解甲萘威提供优良降解菌株,解决蔬菜中甲萘威残留的问题。

Isolation and identification of Bacillus aryabhattai and its degradation of carbaryl pesticide in vegetables

Objective To screen carbaryl pesticide residue degrading bacteria from cold black soil and identify the strain by morphology and 16S rDNA molecule, the strain is used to study the degradation law of carbaryl pesticide residues in vegetable samples. Methods Preliminary screening by plate dilution method with medium containing carbaryl pesticide from soil samples and rescreening by 96-well plate method, the strains were cultured at 37 °C (1 d) and 4°C (6 d), respectively. The strains with high absorbance at OD600 nm were selected as the strains that can grow with carbaryl. The strain D7 with OD600 nm of 0.906 was obtained and identified by morphology and molecular biology. Results Strain D7 was identified as Bacillus aryabhattai; strain D7 could degrade carbaryl residue in 5 kinds of leafy vegetables and 5 kinds of fruit vegetables, the highest degradation rate of carbaryl in lettuce was 58.7%. Conclusion Bacillus aryabhattai D7 is screened and grew well at low temperature. It provides excellent degrading strains for microbial degradation of carbaryl and solves the problem of carbaryl residue in vegetables.