膳食纤维饱腹感的研究进展

作为食品的重要组成部分,膳食纤维已被认为是第七大营养素,具有重要的生理作用。膳食纤维能促进咀嚼,增加唾液的分泌,结合大量的水而使胃部膨胀,水合后粘度增加能够延缓营养物质的吸收和胃的排空,具有回肠刹车作用从而减慢肠道的蠕动。通过这些作用,膳食纤维能够促进机体产生饱腹感;另一方面,膳食纤维能够调节胃肠道中与饱腹感产生相关的激素的分泌,如胰岛素、饥饿素、胰高血糖素样肽-1(glucagon-like-peptide-1,GLP-1)、胆囊收缩素(cholecystokinin,CCK)和YY肽(peptide YY)等。本文概述了膳食纤维饱腹感的研究现状,主要包括膳食纤维对饱腹感的影响、饱腹感的生理指标和主观饱腹感的检测方法等方面。

Research progress of dietary fiber and its satiating capacity

As an important ingredient of food, dietary fiber has been considered as the seventh largest nutrient and can play an important physiological role in human health. Dietary fiber can promote the chewing, increase the secretion of saliva, combine with lots of water and make the stomach inflation, its viscosity after hydration can delay the absorption of nutrients and the emptying of the stomach and the intestinal peristalsis will also slow down with its ileum brake effect. Through these functions, dietary fiber can promote the body to produce satiety sensation. On the other hand, dietary fiber can regulate the secretion of hormones associated with satiety in the gastrointestinal tract, such as insulin, ghrelin, glucagon-like-peptide-1, cholecystokinin and peptide YY. The present paper summarized the research status on the satiety of dietary fiber, mainly including effects of dietary fiber on satiety, biomarkers of satiety and the detection methods of subjective satiety.