牛奶中激素检测方法的研究进展

牛奶是人类的重要食品之一, 为人类提供蛋白、维生素、碳水化合物等营养, 其安全性一直都是社会各界关注的重点。牛奶中的激素主要分为内源性激素和外源性激素, 微量的内源性激素是牛奶中激素含量的主要来源。奶牛养殖方式及环境等因素的变化, 会对牛奶中激素含量造成影响。本文对比了国内外对牛奶中激素的限量要求, 介绍了牛奶中激素检测方法的研究进展, 包括免疫分析法、高效液相色谱法、液相色谱-串联质谱法等, 并总结了各类方法的检出限及优缺点, 提出未来应在完善牛奶激素检测技术标准, 研发高通量检测技术等方面开展深入研究, 争取实现检测过程自动化、智能化, 以提高检测效率、降低成本, 为研发精准快速的检测方法, 科学制定牛奶中激素相关限量提供参考。

Research progress on detection methods of hormones in milk

Milk is one of the most important foods for human, providing protein, vitamins, carbohydrates and other nutrients, and its safety has always been a major concern for the community. Hormones in milk are mainly divided into endogenous and exogenous hormones, with trace amounts of endogenous hormones being the main source of hormone in milk. Changes in dairy farming practices, environmental and other factors can affect the hormone content in milk. This paper compared the domestic and foreign requirements for the limit of hormones in milk, and introduced the research progress of hormone detection methods in milk, including immunoassay, high performance liquid chromatography, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, etc, summarized the detection limits, advantages and disadvantages of each method, proposed that in the future, in-depth research should be carried out in improving the technical standards for milk hormone detection and developing high-throughput detection technology, which could achieve automation and intelligence in the detection process, improve detection efficiency and reduce costs, so as to provide a reference for the development of accurate, rapid detection methods and the scientific development of hormone-related limits in milk.