超支化季铵盐诱导制备树枝状纳米纤维膜及其性能

为开发具有高效过滤性能的膜材料,以超支化季铵盐(HBP-HTC)为枝化促进剂,利用静电纺丝技术一步法制备了聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)树枝状纳米纤维膜,探讨了纺丝工艺对纤维膜成形结构的影响,分析了树枝状纳米纤维膜的力学性能及其空气过滤性能。结果表明:由于HBP-HTC表面丰富的季铵基团具有对电荷的稳定富集作用,可获得比用小分子季铵盐制成膜更多的树枝状纳米纤维结构,当PVDF质量分数为12%,季铵基团添加量为 0.10 mol/L, 纺丝电压为25 kV时,制得的纤维膜树枝状覆盖率高达78.32%,且具有较好的力学性能;所制备的纳米纤维膜厚度为40 μm时,其过滤效率高达99.995%,而压降为122.4 Pa。

Preparation of dendritic nanofiber membrane induced by hyperbranched quaternary ammonium salt and its properties

In order to develop membrane materials with high efficiency filtration performance, this research prepared polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) dendritic nanofiber membranes using hyperbranched quaternary ammonium salt (HBP-HTC) as a branching promoter based on electrostatic spinning technology in one step. The influence of the spinning process on the forming structure of the fiber membrane was explored. The mechanical properties of the dendritic nanofiber membrane were analyzed and its air filtration performance was measured. The results showed that the nanofiber membrane prepared with HBP-HTC has more dendritic structures than the membrance prepared with small molecule quaternary ammonium salts due to the abundant quaternary ammonium groups on the surface of HBP-HTC, which has a stable enrichment effect on charge. When the mass fraction of PVDF was 12%, the quaternary ammonium groups was 0.1 mol/L, and the spinning voltage was 25 kV, the dendritic coverage of the fabricated fiber membranes was as high as 78.32% and demonstrated good mechanical properties. The filtration efficiency of the prepared nanofiber membrane reached 99.995% at the thickness of 40 μm, while the pressure drop is 122.4 Pa.