静电纺树枝状聚乳酸纳米纤维膜的制备及其过滤性能

为开发可用于空气过滤的纳米纤维，利用静电纺丝技术一步法制备了树枝状聚乳酸(PLA)纳米纤维膜，探讨了溶剂种类、四丁基氯化铵(TBAC)添加量和纺丝电压对纤维膜形貌结构和性能的影响，同时研究了TBAC 添加量和纤维膜厚度对纤维膜过滤效果的影响。结果表明：溶剂为二氯甲烷，PLA 和TBAC 质量比为8：1，纺丝电压为30 kV 时，制得的纤维膜树枝状结构最为明显，其断裂应力和品质因数分别为23 MPa 和0. 068，优于纯PLA 纤维膜的5 MPa 和0. 059；随TBAC 质量分数的增加，纤维膜的接触角由118°降低至54. 5°；当具有明显树枝状结构的纤维膜厚度从10 μm 增加至40 μm 时，过滤效率和压降均增大，且当膜厚度为20 μm 时，过滤效率达到99. 89%，阻力约为96. 08 Pa，可满足高效空气过滤需求。

Fabrication of polylactic acid tree-like nanofiber membrane and its application in filtration

In order to develop nanofibers with efficient air filtration performance, polylactic acid (PLA) tree-like nanofiber membranes were prepared by electrospinning. The effects of solvent type, addition amount of tetrabutylammonium chloride (TBAC) and spinning voltage on the morphology and properties of fiber membranes were investigated. In addition, the effect of TBAC addition and fiber membrane thickness on filtration efficiency was also studied. The results show that when the solvent is dichloromethane, the PLA/ TBAC mass ratio is 8 ∶ 1, and the spinning voltage is 30 kV, the fiber membrane has obvious tree-like structure. The fracture stress and quality factor of fiber membrane with obvious tree-like structure are 23 MPa and 0. 068, respectively, which is higher than 5 MPa and 0. 059 of the pure PLA fiber membrane. With the increase of the TBAC content, the contact angle of fiber membrane decreases from 118° to 54. 5°. For PLA nanofiber membranes with distinct tree-like structure, when the thickness of the fiber membrane increases from 10 μm to 40 μm, both filtration efficiency and pressure drop increase, especially, when the film thickness is 20 μm, the filtration efficiency of the fiber membrane is 99. 89%, and the resistance is about 96. 08 Pa, which can meet the demand for efficient air filtration.