论楚国丝绸中的蟠龙飞凤纹与商周兽面纹的传承关系

蟠龙飞凤纹出自战国时期马山1号楚墓,构图精巧,装饰华丽,是先秦时期风格独特的纹样类型。通过分析图像中的各个构成元素,分别从题材、构图等角度比较蟠龙飞凤纹和商代、西周青铜器中流行的系列兽面纹,可知楚国丝绸中的蟠龙飞凤纹由兽面纹演变而来,其中延续了商代、西周的文化基因,表现了以北极星为中心、龙凤为辅的星象系统,在题材种类、造型方式、色彩等方面融入了楚人的审美喜好,主要体现了楚人的天体崇拜理念,最终也证明商、西周、楚国的纹样之间存在清晰的传承关系。

Research on inheritance relationship between the pattern of flying phoenix and curled-up dragon in silk of Chu dynasty and beast mask pattern of Shang dynasty and Western Zhou dynasty

The pattern of flying phoenix and curled-up dragon came from the Mashan No.1 Chu tomb,and it was a unique pattern type in the Pre-Qin period,which had delicate composition and ornate decoration.Through analyzing the composition elements of the image,this paper compares the pattern of flying phoenix and curled-up dragon with a series of popular beast mask patterns in bronze wares of Shang and Western Zhou dynasty from the perspective of subject matter,composition and other aspects.The research shows that the pattern of flying phoenix and curled-up dragon evolved from the beast mask pattern,which continued the cultural gene of the Shang and Western Zhou dynasty.It shows the astrological system with Polaris as the center and dragon&Phoenix as the auxiliary.In addition,Chu’s esthetic hobbies were integrated into the subject matter type,the modelling way,the color and other aspects.The pattern also reflects astrolatry concept of Chu people.Finally,it also proves that there is a clear inheritance relationship among the patterns of Shang dynasty,Western Zhou dynasty and Chu dynasty.