香椿籽油浸提、精炼及理化特性分析

采用索氏提取法萃取香椿籽油,通过单因素试验研究了不同因素对香椿籽油提取效果的影响,采用正交试验设计,得到了香椿籽油浸提的最优条件,获得了毛油的脱胶、碱炼等工艺参数,分析了精炼油的理化特性。香椿籽油浸提最佳工艺条件是:正己烷为浸提剂,香椿籽粒度60目,含水量7%,料液比1g∶13 mL,温度85℃,浸提3 h;精炼工艺条件是:加水量为香椿籽油质量的4%,第1次水化1.0 h,第2次水化时间0.5 h;碱炼工艺条件是:初温为30℃,NaOH液浓度为14.42%、超NaOH用量为4%,保温静置6 h。香椿籽油中不饱和脂肪酸达90%以上,营养价值高,是优质的保健食用油。

Studies on the Extraction Technique and Refinement Toona Sinensis Seed Oil and Its Characteristic Analysis

This paper studied the extraction technique of Toona Sinensis seeds oil with organic solvent,its refinement and physical-chemical properties.The optimum extracting condition was as follows: water content 7%,seeds grounded to grains of 60mesh,soaked in hexane,the ratio of material to solvent : 1 g/13 mL,85℃ for three hours.The best refining condition was: adding water to 4% of the crude Toona Sinensis oil,the hydration time was 1.0 h and 0.5 h for two steps separately;deacidify at 30℃,alkali concentration was 14.24% and amount was 4%,kept for 6 h.Toona Sinensis oil has high nutritional value in the cooking oil which the unsaturated fatty acid was more than 90%.