五种果汁的酚类组成及其抗氧化、抗肿瘤细胞增殖活性研究

本文对比研究了五种果汁中维生素C与总酚含量，采用高效液相色谱法测定了果汁中的酚类组成，并采用化学法和细胞法评价了果汁的抗氧化和抗肿瘤细胞增殖活性。刺梨汁的维生素C含量最高，为14.13 g/L。刺梨汁和沙棘汁的总酚含量最高，分别为13.06和12.53 g GAE/L，且二者无显著性差异（P>0.05）。从5种果汁中共鉴定出没食子酸、芦丁、儿茶素和阿魏酸这4种多酚类化合物。果汁的抗氧化活性与没食子酸含量、总酚含量有显著相关性，其中，沙棘汁、刺梨汁和蓝莓汁果汁的过氧化氢自由基清除能力（PSC）和氧自由基吸收能力（ORAC）较高，柠檬汁和柑橘汁的较低且二者间无显著性差异（P>0.05）；PBS冲洗前后，果汁的抗细胞氧化活性（CAA）最高的分别为刺梨汁（163.96 μmol QE/100 mL）和沙棘汁（82.68 μmol QE/100 mL），沙棘汁的细胞吸收率最高（65.27%）。刺梨汁具有最强的抗肿瘤细胞增殖活性（EC₅₀=5.50 mg/mL）和最低的细胞毒性（CC₅₀>200 mg/mL）。五种果汁可根据多酚物质种类与含量及抗氧化活性分为2类:刺梨汁与沙棘汁；柠檬汁、蓝莓汁和柑橘汁。本研究可为水果精深加工及功能性饮品开发提供理论指导。

Phenolic Profiles,Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Activities towards Tumor Cells of Five Fruit Juices

The vitamin C content and total phenolic content of five juices were compared. The phenolic profiles of juices were determined by high performance liquid chromotography, and the antioxidant and antiproliferative activities towards tumor cells were evaluated by chemical and cellular assays. The results showed that Rosa roxburghii juice exhibited the highest vitamin C content (14.13 g/L). The total polyphenol content of R. roxburghii and sea buckthorn juices was 13.06 and 12.53 g GAE/L, respectively, which was at the highest level and no significant difference was observed between them (P>0.05). Four phenolic compounds, gallic acid, rutin, catechin and ferullic acid were identified from five juices. The antioxidant activity of juices showed significantly correlations with the content of both gallic acid and total phenolic. Sea buckthorn, R. roxburghii and blueberry juices exhibited high PSC and ORAC activities, while lemon and mandarin juices showed low activities and no significant difference was observed between them (P>0.05). R. roxburghii juice (163.96 μmol QE/100 mL) and sea buckthorn juice (82.68 μmol QE/100 mL) exhibited the highest CAA activity with and without PBS wash, respectively, and sea buckthorn juice had the highest cell absorptivity (65.27%). R. roxburghii juice showed the highest antiproliferative activity towards tumor cells (EC₅₀=5.50 mg/mL) and the lowest cytotoxicity (CC₅₀>200 mg/mL). Five juices were divided into two categories in terms of the phenolic profiles and the antioxidant activity. One was R. roxburghii and sea buckthorn juices, and the other was lemon, blueberry and mandarine juices. This study could provide the theoretical guidance for the development of fruit deep processing industry and functional drink.