椰子吸器多糖的结构和体外生物学活性分析

采用水提醇沉法制备了椰子吸器多糖，并初步分析了其单糖组成、分子量大小与分布、红外光谱等结构特征和抗氧化、降糖酶抑制等体外生物学活性。结果表明:吸器多糖是一种酸性杂多糖，中性糖和糖醛酸含量分别为42.33%和21.34%，可能含有吡喃环结构，主要由岩藻糖、鼠李糖、阿拉伯糖、半乳糖、葡萄糖、木糖和半乳糖醛酸7种单糖组成，摩尔比为1.00:4.40:21.27:21.07:51.76:7.06:4.33。分子量分析表明吸器多糖由3个组分构成，其中峰3为主成分，分子质量为1.53×104 g/moL。吸器多糖在6 mg/mL对DPPH和羟自由基的清除率分别为82.49%和85.83%，100 mg/mL时对α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制率达69.91%。研究结果可为椰子吸器在功能性食品或医药等领域的加工利用提供数据支撑。

Structure and Biological Activities in Vitro Analysis of Polysaccharide from Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) Haustorium

Coconut haustorium polysaccharide (CHP) was prepared by the method of water extraction and alcohol precipitation, its structural characteristics consist of monosaccharide composition, molecular weight size and distribution and infrared spectrum and biological activities in vitro such as antioxidant and hypoglycemic enzyme inhibiting activities were also analyzed. Results showed that CHP was an acidic heteropolysaccharide with the content of neutral sugar and uronic acid of 42.33% and 21.34%, which might contain pyran ring structure. Monosaccharide composition analysis indicated that CHP was mainly composed of fucose, rhamnose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, xylose and galacturonic acid and the molar ratio was 1.00:4.40:21.27:21.07:51.76:7.06:4.33. Molecular weight analysis showed that the CHP was composed of three components, of which peak 3 was the main component with the molecular weight of 1.53×104 g/moL. Besides, DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging rate of CHP at 6 mg/mL were 82.49% and 85.83%, respectively. And its inhibition rate on α-glucosidase was 69.91% at 100 mg/mL. These research results could provide data support for the processing and utilization of coconut haustorium in functional food or medicine.