利用微卫星标记分析核盘菌遗传多样性

利用微卫星（SSR）标记,分析来自欧洲和中国的30个核盘菌菌株的遗传多样性和群体结构。结果表明,3对微卫星引物共扩增出21条清晰的谱带,平均每对引物扩增7条谱带,片段长度为158bp～358bp。根据SSR分析结果,30个核盘菌分离物具有较高的遗传相似性。物种水平的Nei遗传多样性指数为0.139 3,Shannon多样性指数为0.248 8。不同菌株群体的Nei遗传距离都较小,为0.009 6～0.049 6。其中俄罗斯群体和奥地利及英国群体之间的遗传距离最大。从30个菌株的UPGMA聚类分析结果看,核盘菌群体结构与地理来源没有明显的直接关系。许多地理来源相同的菌株分散在不同的组里。仅第三组组内的菌株地理来源一致,均来自于中国,且遗传距离比其他菌株的远。群体遗传分析显示,总群体的基因流比较高（2.111 6）,基因分化系数比较低（0.191 5）。

Genetic diversity of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum isolates by SSR markers

Genetic variability of the 30 isolates from lares were amplified by three microsatellite primer pairs, Europe and China was analyzed using SSR markers. Isowhich generated a total of 21 polymorphic bands ranging from 158 bp to 358 bp in size, and an average of 7 bands per primer pair. Genetic relationship among isolates was investigated based on the result of SSR markers. Genetic similarity of 30 isolates was rather high. At species level, Nei＇ s genetic diversity was 0. 139 3, and Shannon＇ s index of diversity was 0. 248 8. Nei＇ s genetic distance of different populations （from 0. 009 6 to 0. 049 6） was very short, and the genetic distance between Russia and the Austria ＋ the United Kingdom populations was long. From the cluster results, the clusters based on SSR markers showed no clear relationship with geographical origin of the studied isolates. The third cluster was the most distant and from China only, suggesting that the genetic distance for the Chinese isolates of the third cluster was further than the isolates from the other two clusters. At species level, the gene flow was high （2.111 6） although coefficient of gene differentiation value was low （0. 191 5）.