内蒙古地区绿豆品种遗传多样性SSR分析及DNA指纹图谱构建

目的:分析内蒙古地区绿豆品种的遗传多样性并构建其DNA指纹图谱,为探明绿豆种质资源遗传背景及真伪鉴定提供科学依据。方法:以内蒙古地区92份绿豆品种为模板,利用筛选得到的10对多态性丰富的简单重复序列(simple sequence repeat,SSR)引物对其进行遗传多样性分析及DNA指纹图谱构建。结果:10对SSR引物共检测到58个等位基因,每对引物检测到3~10个不等;不同引物揭示的多态信息含量变幅介于0.371 4~0.773 7,平均为0.52。92份绿豆种质的遗传相似系数变幅介于0.033 4~1.000 0之间,平均为0.46。非加权组平均法聚类分析结果显示,在遗传相似系数为0.294 4时,可将92份绿豆种质分为两大类群。构建了92份绿豆品种的SSR指纹图谱及分子身份证,除个别品种外,大部分具有唯一性,可用于品种鉴定。结论:内蒙古地区绿豆种质资源的遗传多样性相对较丰富,但存在一定程度的近交现象,有待进一步加强引进基因资源,创新绿豆育种材料;构建绿豆SSR指纹图谱和分子身份证,对绿豆品种真伪鉴定、身份识别、溯源管理及原产地保护具有重要意义。

Genetic Diversity Analysis and DNA Fingerprint Construction Based on Fluorescent Labeled SSR Markers for Mungbean Varieties (Vigna radiate L.) from Inner Mongolia

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the genetic diversity of mungbean varieties from Inner Mongolia region and to establish a simple sequence repeat (SSR) fingerprinting database for providing scientific evidence to explore the genetic background of mungbean germplasms and authenticate mungbean varieties. Methods: A total of 92 mungbean varieties from Inner Mongolia area were taken to establish their genetic diversity and DNA fingerprint maps by using 10 pairs of SSR primers. Results: A total of 58 alleles were detected, and each pair of primers detected 3–10 alleles with an average of 5.8. The genetic diversity coefficients among the 92 mungbean varieties varied from 0.033 4–1.000 0 with an average of 0.46. Unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic means (UPGMA) clustering analysis showed that these mungbean varieties were clustered into 2 groups at theof genetic similarity coefficient of 0.294 4. SSR fingerprinting database and molecular identification of the 92 mungbean cultivars were established, and it was found that most of the tested varieties, with different SSR fingerprints, which could be molecularly discriminated from each other, could serve as cultivars-specific patterns and as an important basis for cultivar identification. Conclusions: There was a high level of genetic diversity among mungbean germplasms from Inner Mongolia, but a certain degree of inbreeding also existed. Therefore, further efforts are needed to develop new mungbean breeding materials. SSR fingerprinting and molecular identification using fluorescent labeled SSR marker technique is of great significance for genetic authentication, identity validation, traceability management and origin protection of mungbean varieties.