解冻方式对船载超低温鱿鱼肌肉保水性及品质的影响

目的:探索鱿鱼在贮藏和加工中最佳解冻方式。方法:以低温解冻、超声波解冻、流水解冻以及静水解冻4种解冻方式对3种鱿鱼进行解冻处理,研究解冻过程中鱿鱼感官品质、质构特性、解冻损失率、蒸煮损失率、挥发性盐基总氮(TVB-N值)、硫代巴比妥酸值(TBARS值)及盐溶性蛋白含量(SSP 值)等指标的变化。结果:超声波解冻所用时间最短,但解冻损失率高,汁液流失严重;低温解冻时间过长,TBARS值较高,但品质较差;静水解冻蒸煮损失率较高,蛋白质降解和脂肪氧化现象严重;流水解冻下鱿鱼咀嚼性较好,解冻损失率相对较低,肌肉结构特性保持较好。结论:流水解冻为鱿鱼最适宜的解冻方式。

Effect of thawing methods on water retention and quality of ship-borne ultra-low-temperature squid muscle

Objective: This study aimed to explore the best thawing method of squid in storage and processing. Methods: Three kinds of squid were thawed by four thawing methods: low temperature thawing, ultrasonic thawing, flowing water thawing and hydrostatic thawing. The changes of sensory quality, texture characteristics, thawing loss rate, cooking loss rate, volatile base total nitrogen (TVB-N value), thiobarbituric acid value (TBARS value) and salt-soluble protein content (SSP value) of different squid were investigated during the thawing process. Results: Ultrasonic thawing took the shortest time, but thawing loss rate was high and the juice loss was serious; The low temperature thawing time was too long, with high TBARS value but poor quality; The loss rates of hydrostatic thawing and cooking were high, and the phenomena of protein degradation and fat oxidation were serious; The mastication of squid was better under flowing water thawing, and the loss rate of thawing was relatively low, and the characteristics of muscle structure were maintained well. Conclusion: Flow water thawing is the most suitable thawing method for squid.