一起麻痹性贝类毒素引起的食源性疾病暴发事件调查

目的分析一起因麻痹性贝类毒素中毒引起的食源性疾病暴发事件发生原因及流行病学特征,总结调查处置经验,为指导预防控制工作提供依据。方法回顾该起事件调查处置过程,进行流行病学特征分析和防控效果评价。结果本次事件是由于海域发生赤潮导致贝类食品染毒,中毒病例164名,50岁以上人群占病例总数的57.9%(95/164),主要临床表现为唇舌肢端麻木(100.0%,164/164)、乏力(75.0%,123/164),患者最短潜伏期为10 min,最长潜伏期为24 h,平均潜伏期为3 h,可疑致病食物为淡菜、海蛎等贝类食品,在10份食物样品中有8份检出麻痹性贝类毒素。采取综合性防控措施后,事件得到控制。结论相关部门应加大赤潮危害宣传力度,扩大赤潮监视监测范围,及时发布危害预警,减少贝类毒素中毒风险。

Investigation of outbreaks of foodborne diseases caused by paralytic shellfish poisoning

Objective To analyze the foodborne diseases caused by paralytic shellfish toxin poisoning outbreak causes and epidemiological characteristics, summarizes the survey disposal experience, to provide a basis to guide the prevention and control work. Methods The incident investigation and disposal process was reviewed, and the epidemiological characteristics and the prevention and control effect was analyzed and evaluated. Results This incident was caused by sea shellfish during red tide with 164 cases, the total number of people over 50 was 57.9%(95/164), the major clinical manifestations were breath limbs numb (100.0%,164/164), fatigue (75.0%,123/164)the shortest incubation period of the patient was 10 min, the maximum incubation period was 24 h, and the average latency was 3 h, the suspected pathogenic food was the shellfish, such as fresh food and oyster, and 8 out of 10 samples were detected paralytic shellfish poison. After comprehensive prevention and control measures, the incident was controlled. Conclusion Relevant departments should increase the publicity of red tide damage, expand the scope of red tide surveillance, timely release warning of hazards, and reduce the risk of shellfish poisoning.