2002年湖北省学校食源性疾病的发生状况及对策

为了解湖北省学校集体食堂食源性疾病的发生状况,对湖北省2002年学校食源性疾病的发生状况进行了分析.2002年湖北省共有13所学校发生食源性疾病,773人患病,死亡1人.其中食物中毒发生的起数、发病人数及死亡人数分别占当年湖北省集体食堂食物中毒的46.2%、48.9%和100.0%.引起学校食源性疾病的主要原因为学校食堂采取了以赢利为目的的私人承包制,学校领导及食堂承包人的责任心差、卫生知识缺乏,食堂基础设施差,使用的食品原料安全问题严重.针对学校食源性疾病发生的原因提出对策:山区及农村学校食堂不宜搞承包制;政府应对山区及农村学校有所投入;学校应加强学生食堂的卫生管理;学校食堂的采购应采取定点采购的管理体制.

Prevalence of collective food-borne diseases in schools of Hubei Province in 2002

According to the reports of basic health units in this province and the record of our investigation,13 events of collective food poisoning or foodborne infectious diseases occurred in schools of various levels,mainly in primary and middle schools of rural regions in 2002. They included food poisoning of various pathogens,hepatitis A,bacillary dysentery and acute gastroenteritis and involved 773 patients,with one death due to food poisoning.In contrast to the declining tendency of the incidence of such diseases nationwide in 2002,the incidence in Hubei Province rose notably in the same period.This was attributed to a series of causative factors.They include:1.The supply of diet in schools was usually contracted to private businessment whose primary purpose is seeking exorbitant profits.2.The school authorities were remiss in supervising the behavior of the contractors.3.The school canteens usually have poor basic hygienic facilities and hire personnel with little knowledge on food safety.4.The quality of raw materials was not assured.Aimed at solving these problems,corresponding conutermeasures were put forward.