荧光假单胞菌缓解植烟土壤酸化效果及对烟草青枯病的防治作用

为挖掘具有缓解土壤酸化能力的微生物菌株，开发新型酸性土壤改良剂，通过原位培养从恩施烟区酸化植烟土壤中筛选获得一株荧光假单胞菌SSW-11(Pseudomonas fluorescens SSW-11)，并采用盆栽试验和大田试验评价菌株发酵液灌根对酸化植烟土壤的改良效果以及对烟草青枯病的防效。结果表明：(1)菌株SSW-11发酵液对复合有机酸和复合肥料造成的土壤酸化有一定的缓解作用，土壤pH平均提高0.18；(2)菌株SSW-11发酵液灌根处理后42 d内，旺长期烟株根区酸化土壤pH显著提高（平均提高0.47）；(3)菌株SSW-11发酵液可显著降低成熟期烟草青枯病的发病率和病情指数，对烟草青枯病的防效达52.01%。荧光假单胞菌SSW-11对缓解植烟土壤酸化和防治烟草青枯病具有较好的效果。

Effects of Pseudomonas fluorescens on alleviating soil acidification and controlling tobacco bacterial wilt

In order to explore suitable microbial strains for alleviating soil acidification and develop new acid soil conditioners, a Pseudomonas fluorescens strain SSW-11 was evaluated from acidified tobacco-planting soil in Enshi County by in situ cultivation. Pot and field experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of root irrigation with the fermentation broth of the strain on acidified tobacco-planting soil. The results showed that: 1) SSW-11 alleviated the soil acidification caused by composite organic acids and composite fertilizers, accompanying with an increase of soil pH by 0.18 on average. 2) Within 42 days after the root irrigation treatment, SSW-11 significantly increased soil pH by 0.47 on average during the fast growing stage. 3) SSW-11 significantly reduced the incidence and disease index of tobacco bacterial wilt at the mature stage, and its control efficacy on tobacco bacterial wilt reached 52.01%. Pseudomonas fluorescens SSW-11 showed satisfactory effects on alleviating soil acidification and controlling tobacco bacterial wilt.