海南雪茄烟叶霉变微生物鉴定及拮抗菌株筛选

为明确引起海南雪茄烟叶霉变的微生物种类并筛选其拮抗菌株防治烟叶霉变，分别从海南霉变雪茄烟叶表面分离、纯化得到霉变微生物和拮抗微生物，采用形态学和分子生物学相结合的方法鉴定微生物种类。鉴定和筛选结果表明，引起海南雪茄烟叶霉变的微生物主要为篮状菌属、帚霉属和曲霉属，得到3株霉变菌株分别为Talaromyces funiculosus、Scopulariopsis brevicaulis和Aspergillus occultus。筛选到2株拮抗效果良好的拮抗菌株，分别为枯草芽孢杆菌（Bacillus subtilis）和耐盐芽孢杆菌（Bacillus halotolerans）。引起海南雪茄烟叶霉变的微生物主要为篮状菌属、帚霉属和曲霉属菌株，筛选到的2株芽孢杆菌对致霉菌有良好的拮抗作用，为雪茄烟叶霉变的防治提供了参考。 

Identification of microorganisms resulted mildew on Hainan cigar tobacco and their antagonistic strains' screening

To clarify microorganisms resulted mildew on Hainan cigar tobacco leaves and screen their antagonistic strains to prevent tobacco leaves from mildew, mildew and antagonistic microorganisms were isolated from the surface of Hainan moldy cigar tobacco and purified. Morphological and molecular methods were combined to identify microbial species. The identification and screening results showed that the main microorganisms resulted mildew on Hainan cigar tobacco were Talaromyces funiculosus, Scopulariopsis brevicaulis and Aspergillus occultus. Two antagonistic strains with good antagonistic effects were screened out, namely Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus halotolerans. The main microorganisms resulted mildew on Hainan cigar tobacco were mainly Talaromycetes, Scopularia and Aspergillus strains. The screened two strains of Bacillus had good antagonism to mold, which provided a reference for the prevention and control of mildew on cigar tobacco.