天山北麓产区5个不同红色酿酒葡萄品种非花色苷酚类物质的积累特性

本试验为研究天山北麓产区5个不同红色酿酒葡萄品种非花色苷酚积累特性,选取五家渠产区5个红色酿酒葡萄品种,对其生长发育期黄酮醇和黄烷-3-醇含量及组成进行检测。其中黄酮醇包括:槲皮素、山奈酚和杨酶酮三大类。结果表明:‘赤霞珠’在花后12周时,槲皮素、山奈酚和杨酶酮三类物质都达到最大值0.122 mg/g、0.015 mg/g、0.065 mg/g;‘品丽珠’的槲皮素类物质在花后12周达到最大值0.500 mg/g,山奈酚和杨酶酮类物质在16周时达到最大值0.092 mg/g、0.068 mg/g;‘西拉’的山奈酚在14周时达到最大值0.043mg/g,而杨酶酮在16周时达到最大值0.042mg/g;‘小味尔多’的山奈酚和杨酶酮物质都在16周时达到最大值0.050mg/g、0.035 mg/g;‘马瑟兰’的山奈酚和杨酶酮分别在12和14周时达到最大值0.013 mg/g、0.077 mg/g。通过对5个品种的黄酮醇和黄烷-3-醇物质进行主成分分析,发现‘西拉’的黄烷-3-醇相对含量较高,‘小味尔多’山奈酚相对含量较高,‘赤霞珠’和‘马瑟兰’的槲皮素类物质相对含量较高。试验表明5个品种在该产区的积累特性各不相同,能直观反应各品种在该产区的表现,为日后天山北麓产区葡萄栽培和酿造提供更多帮助。

Accumulation Characteristics of Non-anthocyanin Phenolic from Five Different Red Wine Grape Varieties in the Northern Foothills of Tianshan Mountains

In order to investigate the non-anthocyanin of five different red wine grape varieties in the northern foothills of Tianshan accumulation characteristics, five red wine grape varieties from Wujiaqu production area were selected to detect the content and composition of flavonol and flavan-3-ol during growth and development. Three major categories of flavonols were quercetin, kaempferol and myricetin. The results showed that the content of quercetin, kaempferol and myricetin in ''Cabernet Sauvignon'' reached the maximum at 12 weeks after flowering, which were 0.122 mg/g, 0.015 mg/g, 0.065 mg/g, respectively. At 12 weeks after flowering, the content of quercetin substance in ''Cabernet Franc'' reached a maximum of 0.500 mg/g. At 16 weeks, the contents of kaempferol and myricetin in ''Cabernet Franc'' reached a maximum of 0.092 mg/g, 0.068 mg/g, respectively. The content of kaempferol of ''Syrah'' reached a maximum of 0.043 mg/g at 14 weeks after flowering, but the content of myricetin substance in ''Syrah'' reached a maximum of 0.042 mg/g at 16 weeks. At 16 weeks, the contents of myricetin and the kaempferol in ''Petit Verdot'' reached a maximum of 0.050 mg/g and 0.035 mg/g, respectively. At 12 weeks, the content of kaempferol in ''Marselan'' reached a maximum of 0.013 mg/g, and at 14 weeks, the content of myricetin in ''Marselan'' reached a maximum of 0.077 mg/g. Principal component analysis of five varieties of flavonol and flavan-3-ol showed that the relative content of flavan-3-ols in ''Syrah'', kaempferol in ''Petit Verdot'', quercetin in ''Cabernet Sauvignon'' and ''Marselan'' were relatively high. The accumulation characteristics of the five varieties in the production area were different, which directly reflected the performance of the varieties in the production area. It will be helpful to grape cultivation and brewing in the northern foothills of Tianshan.