多分量地震数据处理技术研究现状

多波多分量地震勘探技术综合利用纵波和横波信号进行勘探.多分量地震资料处理技术以弹性波理论为基础,依据资料处理流程不同,可以将其分为两类:①基于标量波波场理论的波场分离多分量处理技术,该技术已经形成了较完善的处理流程并进入实用阶段,其中主要包括波场分离、横波静校正、转换横波速度分析及转换横波偏移成像等核心技术.②基于矢量波波场理论的多波联合处理技术,该技术具有较好的理论基础,能够更好地保持地震数据的原始信息,但目前尚处于研究和实验阶段,与其相配套的相关技术仍不完善,对于多分量地震实际资料的处理没有形成完整的处理流程.多波多分量技术是解决目前复杂油气藏勘探的有效手段,是地震勘探发展的必然趋势.参67

A review of the multi-component seismic data processing

Multi-wave and multi-component seismic exploration can fully utilize the signals of P-wave and S-wave. The technology of multi-component seismic data processing is based on the theory of elastic wave. According to processing steps, it can be classified into two kinds of techniques: (1) The wave field separation processing technology based on the scalar wave field theory. It has formed a complete processing steps and can be used into practice, with core technologies of decomposition of multi-wave field, static correction of converted wave, velocity analysis of converted wave, migration of converted wave, etc. (2) The multi-component joint processing technology based on the vector wave field theory. It has a better theoretical foundation and can maintain the original information of seismic data well. But it is still in the research and experimental stage, and cannot form a complete processing flow to meet the need of processing of actual multi-component seismic data. The related technologies still need improvement and development. Multi-wave multi-component technology is the effective solution for solving complex geological and geophysical problems and is the development trend of seismic exploration.