小分子有机酸对原油蒸馏装置的影响

近年来部分炼油厂发现在蒸馏装置塔顶冷凝冷却系统出现小分子有机酸腐蚀问题.通过分析蒸馏装置塔顶冷凝冷却系统中小分子有机酸的组成及其来源,详细阐述小分子有机酸对常压蒸馏装置造成的腐蚀问题及影响.小分子有机酸在蒸馏装置塔顶系统的危害包括化学腐蚀、低温电化学腐蚀、降低塔顶冷凝水pH值、增加中和剂注入量以及促进无机氯盐水解等.提出了相应的预防措施,如从源头控制减少小分子有机酸含量、筛选及开发性能优良的缓蚀剂以及材质升级.

Impact of light organic acids on crude distillation unit

In recent years, corrosion problems of light organic acids continue to occur in the overhead condensation systems of crude distillation units in some refineries. The compositions and origin of light organic acids in crude oil are summarized, and their corrosion on crude distillation unit as well as impact factors are described in detail. The corrosion problems from light organic acids include chemical corrosion, galvanic corrosion, decreasing pH of condensation water, increasing quantity of neutralizer addition and accelerating hydrolysis of inorganic chloride salts. The mitigation methods for light organic acids corrosion are presented, such as control of light organic acid in original source, development of high - performance corrosion inhibitors and upgrading of materials. The development trend is forecasted.