有机蒙脱土的制备及插层剂的选择

以蒙脱土为原料 ,用季铵盐、有机胺盐作为插层剂与蒙脱土层间的离子进行交换 ,并且利用不同的插层方法 ,在不同的介质中制备出一系列有机蒙脱土。经红外光谱和X射线衍射表明 ,有机插层剂已进入蒙脱土的层间 ,有机蒙脱土的层间距由 1.2nm增加到 1.4～ 2 .3nm。对有机蒙脱土在甲苯中的流变行为进行了研究 ,发现改性蒙脱土能在甲苯中膨润。研究表明 ,以十八烷基胺盐酸盐为插层剂 ,利用水作介质得到的有机蒙脱土综合效果最好。

PREPARATION OF ORGANOPHILIC MONTMORILLONITE AND CHOICE OF INTERCALATION AGENT

In order to improve the compatibility of montmorillonite(MMT) with the orgainc materials, a series of organophilic MMT were prepared by ion exchange between quaternary ammonium salt and/or amine salt as intercalation agents with the interlayer ions of MMT in H 2O of EtOH. The spectra of FTIR and XRD showed that the organic reagents had intercalated into the layers of MMT, and the spacing of MMT layers increased from 1.2 nm to 1.42.3 nm. The organophilic MMT could swell in toluene and its rheological property was studied. The results showed that organophilic MMT could be prepared with octadecylamine hydrochloride as intercalation agent in H 2O.