三维地震技术在地质研究方面的应用

近年来三维地震技术在地质研究方面取得较大进展,涉及沉积学、构造分析、水岩相互作用及火成岩地质等多个方面.三维地震分辨率及解释水平的不断提高,在平面上可以刻画古陆地和海底地貌的形成过程以及沉积体系的空间展布,从而促进了地震地貌学和地震沉积学学科的形成.与二维地震资料相比,三维地震资料能够揭示更加复杂的断层几何学特征,利用属性相干技术可以识别小尺度断层.此外三维地震技术还广泛应用于水岩相互作用的研究,如上千米长的泄气构造、成岩作用的空间各向异性等.运用三维地震技术对火成岩体分布与成因的研究也取得了一些新进展.今后三维地震技术在地球物理解释领域还有很大的发展空间,将继续推动对地质过程及其产物的研究.

Application of 3D seismic technique in geology study

The recent advances of 3D seismic technique applied in geology study were reviewed. The achievements in the study of the sedimentology, structural analysis, fluid rock interaction and igneous geology were summarized. Because 3D seismic resolution and interpretation technology are enhanced surprisingly, it becomes possible to unravel the evolution processes of paleo land and seascapes, which spurred the definition of new geological sub disciplines, such as seismic geomorphology and seismic sedimentology. 3D seismic data can illustrate more complex characters of fault plane geometry versus 2D seismic data, the smaller scale faults can be described by coherence attribute. 3D seismic is widely used on the study of fluid rock interaction, such as 1000m long gas blow out pipes, and the spatial variability of diagenetic fronts, etc. There are some novel discovers on the distribution and genesis of igneous system by using 3D seismic technology. The future development potential of 3D seismic technique applied in the field of geophysical interpretation is great. The promotion of 3D seismic technique for the research of geological processes and products has a good potential.