生物制剂清洗+微生物降解处理油田含油污泥技术研究

含油污泥是新疆油田固态污染物的重要组成部分，其减量化和无害化对于石油污染的控制和治理具有重要意义。为了解决这个问题，通过生物制剂清洗和微生物降解处理相结合的方式对中国石油新疆油田新港公司含油污泥进行处理，使含油污泥中的矿物油得到了有效去除。通过单因素试验和响应面优化得到最优反应参数；初始含油污泥含油率为28.23%，单因素优化后含油污泥的含油率为6.48%，响应面优化后含油污泥的含油率为3.04%。进一步利用枯草芽孢杆菌XG02对复合制剂洗脱后的含油污泥进行微生物降解处理，20天后污泥含油率仅为0.45%，达到新疆维吾尔自治区地方标准DB65/T 3998—2017 《油气田含油污泥综合利用污染控制要求》中对矿物油含量的要求。

STUDY ON BIOLOGICAL AGENT WASHING AND MICROORGANISM DEGRADATION TREATMENT TECHNOLOGY OF OILY SLUDGE IN OIL FIELD

Oily siudge is an important part of solid pollutants in Xinjiang Oilfield. The reduction and harmlessness of oily sludge are of great significance for the control and treatment of oil pollution. In order to solve this problem, the oily sludge of Xingang Company in Xinjiang Oilfield was treated by the combination of biological agent cleaning and microbial degradation treatment, so that the oil content of oily sludge was effectively removed. The optimal reaction parameters were obtained by single factor experiment and response surface methodology (RSM). The initial oil content was 28.23%, the oil content was 6.48% after single factor optimization, and 3.04% after response surface optimization. Furthermore, Bacillus subtilis XG02 was used to degrade the oily sludge after the oily sludge was washed by the biological agent. After 20 days, the oil content of the sludge was only 0.45%, which could meet the requirements of mineral oil in the pollution control requirements of DB65/T 3998—2017.