海上井喷抢险“三分支”引火筒结构设计

针对目前海上生产平台出现的井喷失控事故, 设计了“三分支”引火筒装置。在从源头控制井喷抢险作业时能够借助“烟囱效应”将流体/火焰引至上方，降低井口区温度，提高井喷抢险作业的安全性。“三分支”引火筒装置主要由引火筒、悬挂筒、主轴及悬挂装置、锁定及支撑装置组成。作业时可根据井口分布调整3个引火筒之间的角度和高度，配合钢丝绳和绞车进行井喷抢险作业。对各部分结构进行了阐述并且对结构强度及恶劣工况下的吊装进行了有限元分析。分析结果表明:装置强度满足要求；在200×104 m3/d气井井喷环境下最大等效应力为492 MPa，最大偏移量为348.02 mm，在6级风环境下最大等效应力为495 MPa，最大偏移量为353.12 mm，均满足抢险作业需求。研究结果可为生产平台井喷抢险引火筒研发提供参考。

Structural design of “three-branch” flow tube for offshore blowout emergency rescue

A three-branch flow tube device was designed to deal with the blowout out of control accidents which happen on offshore production platforms. In the process of blowout emergency rescue by the source control method, it can lead fluid/flame upwards by virtue of “stack effect” to reduce the wellhead temperature, so that the safety of blowout emergency rescue is improved. The “three-branch” flow tube device is mainly composed of flow tube, suspension cylinder, main shaft, suspension unit, lock unit and support unit. During the operation, the angles and heights of three flow tubes can be adjusted according to wellhead distribution to support wire cable and cable hoist for blowout emergency rescue. Then, the structure of each part was illustrated and carry out finite element analysis on the structural strength and the hoisting under harsh working conditions. It is indicated that the device strength meets the requirement. During the gas well blowout at the rate of 200×104 m3/d, the maximum equivalent stress is 492 MPa and the maximum displacement is 348.02 mm; and in the environment of level 6 wind, the maximum equivalent stress is 495 MPa and the maximum displacement is 353.12 mm, which can all satisfy the demands of emergency rescue operations. The research results provide a reference for the research and development of flow tube used for the blowout emergency rescue of production platform.