油基钻井液新型高效乳化剂的研制与评价

为提高油基钻井液用乳化剂的抗高温能力及稳定性，以双酚F、氯磺酸、乙醇胺等为主要原料，通过醚化反应、磺化反应和酯化反应合成一种新型亲油性乳化剂NGE-1。利用FTIR表征其分子结构，并通过测定油水界面张力和电稳定性，分析了该乳化剂性能及乳状液的稳定性。结果表明，合成的乳化剂结构中含有预先设计的基团，乳化剂NGE-1降低油水界面张力能力明显，乳化稳定性能良好，在200℃高温老化条件下破乳电压可达到580 V，且老化静置24 h后乳化率可达96%。在该乳化剂基础上，通过优选其他处理剂，构建了新型油基钻井液体系并进行性能评价，研制了一套密度达2.4 g/cm3、抗温能力可达200℃、同时可抗15%盐侵的油基钻井液体系。 

Development and Evaluation of a New High Efficiency Emulsifier for Oil Base Drilling Fluids

A new lipophilic emulsifier, NGE-1, with high temperature resistance and stability has been developed with Bisphenol F, chlorosulfonic acid and ethanolamine as the main raw materials through etherification, sulfonation and esterification reactions. The molecular structure of the emulsifier NGE-1 was characterized by FTIR, and the performance and stability of NGE-1 were analyzed by measuring the oil-water interfacial tension and electric stability test. Pre-designed groups were found in the molecular structure of NGE-1. Laboratory experiment showed that NGE-1 can remarkably reduce interfacial tension and has good emulsification stability. Oil base muds treated with NGE-1 have electric stability of 580 V after aging at 200℃, and the rate of emulsification can be as high as 96% after standing for 24 h. An oil base mud was formulated with this emulsifier and other carefully selected additives. Performance evaluation of this mud showed that the mud can be weighted to a maximum density of 2.4 g/cm3, and has high temperature resistance of 200℃ and resistance to 15% salt contamination.