质子交换膜燃料电池用氢气的质量控制

简要介绍了化石燃料制氢、工业副产氢、电解水制氢以及光解水和生物质等新型制氢的方法,叙述了冷凝-低温吸附、低温吸收-吸附、变压吸附、钝膜扩散、金属氢化物分离五种氢气提纯方法,对质子交换膜燃料电池用氢气所依据的相关标准进行了比较分析,指出了氢气中总硫、一氧化碳、甲醛与甲酸、总卤化物、氨气、二氧化碳、水、总怪、氧气、颗粒物、氮气、氫气、氮气等杂质对质子交换膜燃料电池用氢质量的影响以及空气中的氮氧化物、硫氧化物、氨气、一氧化碳等污染物对质子交换膜燃料电池的影响,为质子交换膜燃料电池用氢气的质量控制提供了依据。

Quality Control of Hydrogen for Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell(PEMFC)

The hydrogen production methods are briefly introduced,including hydrogen production from fossil fuel,industrial by-product,water electrolysis,and new methods such as water photolysis and biomass,and five hydrogen purification methods including condensation-low temperature adsorption,low temperature absorption_adsorption,pressure swing adsorption,palladium membrane diffusion and metal hydride separation are described.The relative standards of hydrogen used in proton-exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC)are compared and analyzed.The influence of total sulfur,carbon monoxide,formaldehyde and formic acid,total halide,ammonia,carbon dioxide,water,total hydrocarbon,oxygen,particulate matter,nitrogen,argon,helium and other impurities in hydrogen on the quality of hydrogen used in PEMFC as well as the effects of nitrogen oxides,sulfur oxides,ammonia,carbon monoxide and other pollutants in the air on PEMFC are presented,which can provide the basis for the quality control of hydrogen used in PEMFC.