天然气开发投资现状分析及政策建议

近几年天然气开发投资规模不断扩大，占勘探开发总投资的比例不断增长，投资效益虽然良好，但投资成本呈快速上涨趋势。通过对天然气开发投资的实际资料分析，认识到影响气田开发投资的主要因素是地质条件、天然气组分、地理条件、经济环境、开发技术等。针对当前天然气开发面临投资总量增长快、探明储量类型复杂致使开采难度大、投产区块品位变差、气田产能建设开发工作量急剧增加以及宏观经济环境带来的不确定性等，提出以下建议：①有利的价格税收政策能促进低品位储量开发；②调整融资方式，拓宽资源渠道；③建立健全法规体系，创造良好投资环境。以保证企业对天然气开采的合理投资，促进天然气产业发展。

An analysis of the present status and some proposals on the policies of the investment in natural gas exploitation

The development of natural gas industry highly depends on abundant resources, robust technologies, and high investment. Recently, more and more fund has been put into the exploitation of natural gas, the proportion of which is increasing in the total investment on exploration and development. The investment return seems perfect, but the investment cost presents the trend of rapid rise. Through data analysis on the actual investment of natural gas exploitation, this study concludes that the main factors influencing the investment are geological settings, natural gas compositions, geographical conditions, exploitation technologies, etc. According to many difficulties for investors such as excessively increased total cost, great difficulty in gas recovery due to complex gas reservoirs (mainly contributing to the low abundance of the improved gas reserves), the deteriorating conditions of reservoirs after being put into production, and even the global economy crisis, and so on, we present some proposals as references for the policy makers: ①the favorable tax policy will stimulate the development of those gas reservoirs under complicated conditions; ②financing means should be adjusted and more sources of funds should be explored; ③laws and regulations should be established and perfected to create a better investment environment. All these will provide a guarantee for the reasonable investment in natural gas exploitation and for the development of natural gas industry.