三维转换波地震资料处理方法

纵波震源激发、三分量检波器接收的三分量地震勘探，因在岩性、裂隙和流体识别等方面获得成功,而备受关注。在三维三分量地震勘探资料处理中，对于反射纵波资料可以采用常规方法进行处理；而对于反射转换波资料，由于其传播路径的非对称性，转换波共中心道集不再是共反射点道集，转换波时距方程也不是双曲方程，因此不能采用常规纵波处理方法来处理转换波资料。基于三维转换波传播特点，对三维转换波资料处理方法进行了研究，包括水平分量旋转、三维转换点计算、三维转换波双曲速度分析与动校正、三维转换波非双曲速度比分析与动校正等。三维转换波非双曲动校正和常规双曲动校正结果对比表明，非双曲方法优于双曲方法。应用所建立的三维三分量地震资料处理流程，对某实际地震资料进行了处理，得到了较高质量的三维转换波速度比谱，转换波非双曲动校正和叠加取得了较好效果。

SEISMIC PROCESSING METHOD OF 3D CONVERTED WAVE

Three-component (3C) seismic survey with P-wave source and 3C geophones has drawn much attention for its great success in identification of lithologies, fractures, and fluids. For processing of 3D and 3C seismic data, the reflected P-waves can be processed with the conventional methods, while the reflected converted waves can not be processed with the conventional P-wave processing methods, because their travel paths are asymmetrical, their common midpoint gathers are no longer common reflection point gathers, and their time-distance equation is non-hyperbolic. In viewing of the characteristics of propagation of 3D converted wave, studies are performed on the processing methods of 3D converted waves, such as horizontal component rotation, calculation of 3D transition point, hyperbolic velocity analysis and NMO (normal moveout) correction of 3D converted wave, and non-hyperbolic velocity ratio analysis and NMO correction of 3D converted wave. Comparison between the non-hyperbolic and hyperbolic NMO correction results of 3D converted waves shows that the non-hyperbolic method is better than the hyperbolic method. The 3D and 3C seismic processing flow established is used in processing of the real seismic data, achieving high-quality velocity ratio spectrum and good non-hyperbolic NMO correction and stacking of 3D converted wave.