中深层稠油油藏蒸汽驱技术研究进展与发展方向

为进一步提高中深层稠油油藏采收率,对辽河油田30余年蒸汽驱进行全面回顾,系统总结辽河油田中深层稠油蒸汽驱理论与技术的发展历程、发展现状与应用成效。研究认为:辽河油田中深层稠油蒸汽驱技术历经探索、攻关试验、I类油藏规模实施、Ⅱ类油藏试验接替4个发展阶段;理论认识及开发技术经历了从最初国内外成熟技术的直接应用到与辽河地质特征相结合的研发创新,形成了以驱油机理理论认识、油藏工程设计技术、高效注采配套工艺为核心的中深层稠油蒸汽驱开发技术系列;目前蒸汽驱实施深度界限突破至1 600 m,可动用稠油黏度提高至200 000 mPa·s,预计采收率为55%~65%,达到国际浅层蒸汽驱开发水平;未来应针对中深层蒸汽驱面临的难点及重点不断研究和突破。该研究为辽河油田千万吨稳产提供了重要支撑。

Research progress and development direction of steam flooding technology for medium and deep heavy oil reservoirs

To further improve the recovery ratio of medium and deep heavy oil reservoirs, more than 30 years’ steam flooding course in Liaohe Oilfield is comprehensive review, we have systematically summarized the development course, development status and application effects of medium and deep heavy oil steam flooding theory and technology of Liaohe Oilfield were summariled systematically. The research shows that the medium and deep heavy oil steam flooding technology of Liaohe Oilfield has experienced four development stages, exploration, pilot test, large-scale implementation of Gade I oil reservoirs as well as testing and substitution of Gade II oil reservoirs; the theoretical understanding and development technology have experienced the direct application of mature technologies at home and abroad into the research and development innovation combined with the geological characteristics of Liaohe, forming a series of medium and deep heavy oil steam flooding development technologies centered on the theoretic understanding of oil displacement mechanism, reservoir engineering design technology and supporting efficient injection and production technology; currently, the depth limit of steam flooding has exceeded 1 600 m, and the viscosity of available heavy oil is increased to 200 000 mPa·s, and the estimated recovery ratio is 55%-65%, reaching the international development level of shallow steam flooding; and in the future, we should develop and break through the difficulties and key points in medium and deep steam flooding. This research provides an important support for the stable production of 10 million tons in Liaohe Oilfield.