核电厂放射性废气“活性炭加压吸附”技术研究

基于ACP100废气源项,对“活性炭加压吸附”废气处理技术(即“压缩+活性炭延迟衰变”工艺),与M310堆型的加压贮存和AP1000、VVER的常压吸附技术进行对比分析,发现“压缩+活性炭延迟衰变”工艺的炭装量同比常压吸附减少75%,衰变容积同比加压贮存减少92%;处理后废气的放射性活度浓度,同比M310和AP1000分别下降47%和93%;二次废物产生量小,二次固废产生量设计值为1.2 m³/a。综上,“压缩+活性炭延迟衰变”废气处理工艺,既解决了现有技术问题,还具备净化效果好、二次废物产生量低、占地面积小和经济性好等优点,在其他工程具备可应用和推广性。

Study on “Activated Carbon Pressurized Adsorption” for NPPs' radioactive gaseous wastes

The gaseous waste source of ACP100 was introduced for the difference analysis with “Activated Carbon Pressurized Adsorption”, M310 pressured storage and AP1000/VVER atmospheric pressure adsorption. It was found that the needed carbon loading of the “pressurized and activated carbon delayed decay” process decreased by 75% compared with that of the atmospheric pressure adsorption and the decay volume decreased by 92% compared with that of the pressurized storage. The radioactivity concentration of the treated waste gas decreased by 47% and 93% respectively compared with that of the M310 and AP1000. The amount of secondary waste is small, and the design value for secondary solid waste generation is 1.2 m³/a. In summary, the “pressured and activated carbon delayed decay” gaseous waste treatment process not only solves the existing technical trouble, but also has good purification effect, low secondary waste generation, small floor space, as well as good economic benefits, etc. This process can be applied and promoted in other NPPs.