高放核废料磷酸盐玻璃陶瓷固化研究进展

磷酸盐玻璃陶瓷是固化“难溶”核废料的优异基材，具有高的废料包容量和优异的稳定性，因而，磷酸盐玻璃陶瓷固化是高放核废料固化处理的重要研究方向之一。本文简要综述了高放核废料磷酸盐玻璃陶瓷固化体的类型、固化机理、固化体设计、稳定性及其制备，并对其研究做了展望。其今后研究方向主要包括：（1） 磷酸盐玻璃固化体的中长期化学稳定性、蚀变规律和抗腐蚀机制的研究；关注其物理性能、热稳定性和辐照稳定性；（2） 磷酸盐玻璃陶瓷固化体的简洁制备工艺技术及其工艺原理，及其对设备和电极的侵蚀和寿命的影响。

Research Progress of Immobilization of High-Level Nuclear Waste by Using Phosphate Glass-Ceramics

Phosphate based glass-ceramic, having high waste loading and excellent chemical durability, is an excellent matrix for immobilizing “insoluble” nuclear waste. Therefore, immobilization of high-level nuclear waste by using phosphate based glass-ceramics is one of the important methods. In this paper, the types of phosphate glass-ceramic wasteforms, mechanism of immobilization, design and stability of phosphate based glass-ceramic wasteforms and their preparation methods were briefly summarized. Moreover, their research trends were prospected. The main research trends include: (1) the medium- and long-term chemical durability, corrosion laws and corrosion mechanism, and the physical properties, irradiation resistance and thermal stability of phosphate glass-ceramic wasteforms; (2) the simple preparation technologies for synthesizing phosphate glass-ceramic wasteforms and their principles, and their influence on the erosion and life span of equipment and electrodes.