研究堆燃料的发展现状与前景

在过去33年中，国际降低研究和试验堆铀浓度计划已成功开发和应用了U₃Si₂-Al弥散型燃料。但由于U₃Si₂的抗辐照性能限制了它可能承受的运行温度与裂变密度，所以该燃料只适用于低功率密度的研究堆。U7Mo-Al弥散型燃料中的UMo颗粒与Al基体发生广泛的化学反应，将引起严重的肿胀与起泡问题。近年来，给U7Mo颗粒表面涂敷ZrN隔离层，获得防止反应的显著效果，使U7Mo-Al弥散型燃料有望应用于实践。U10Mo单片型燃料的芯体铀密度可达16g/cm³，辐照性能良好，但制造方法需进一步完善；应用中国核动力研究设计院改进的框架结构与轧制方法，能够控制UMo芯体与Al包壳具有相近的延伸率，从而可成功地轧制出合格的U10Mo合金单片型燃料板。

Status and Prospect of Fuel Development for Research Reactors

In past 33 years,U3Si2-Al dispersion fuel has been developed and is used successfully for RERTR program.But it is only suited to the research reactor with low power density,because the breaking swelling will occur during its operation temperature and fission density going beyond the bounds of the irradiation performance.The serious bubble growth and swelling of U7Mo-(Al,Si) dispersion fuel were caused by the chemical reaction between UMo particle and Al matrix.The ZrN coating on U7Mo particles can prevent t...